PUTRAJAYA: Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim has criticised certain people for readily labelling others as murtad (apostates) and munafik (hypocrites) despite having only limited religious knowledge.

The prime minister said the tendency to judge others based solely on limited religious knowledge reflected a deeper problem, namely a failure to develop a sound understanding of Islam and put its values into practice in daily life.

He said the tradition of scholarship and enlightenment must be strengthened to ensure that religious discussions do not spark tensions, but instead foster greater understanding among the public.

"Nowadays, there are many problems arising from people who study a little religion and immediately pass judgment, becoming takfiri by declaring others apostates and labelling them hypocrites.